Final answer:
The split between the Futurists and Fascists occurred due to conflicting ideals, as the Futurist movement's core values of chaos, renewal, and constant innovation clashed with the Fascist regime's desire for order, tradition, and control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Split Between Futurists and Fascists
The Futurist artists, who were part of a movement born in Italy before World War I, initially supported the Italian Fascist Party due to their shared themes of modernity, dynamism, and a break from the past. However, the Futurists' enthusiasm for modernism, speed, technology, and even violence in art, encapsulated in various manifestos and energetic paintings, eventually came to contrast the repressive nature and authoritative rigidity of Fascism. The Futurists demanded constant innovation and celebrated disorder, traits that did not align well with the Fascist regime's growing emphasis on order, tradition, and control.
The alliance with Benito Mussolini and his National Fascist Party seemed a natural one at first, as both the Futurists and the Fascists exhibited intense nationalism and a desire for the regeneration of Italy. Yet, as the political landscape changed, the Futurist movement evolved, creating new art forms like aeropittura and continuing to prioritize artistic freedom and innovation. This drive for constant change and the belief in agitation and disruption conflicted with the Fascist desire for conformity and control, leading to a divergence between the artists and the political party.
Moreover, several Futurists became disillusioned with the Fascist government's policies, and the movement's innate rebellion against the status quo became incompatible with the totalitarian aspects of the regime. These ideological and practical differences caused a rift between the Futurists and the Fascists, which cemented over time, complicating the relationship between the two and the perception of Futurism in historical context.