Final answer:
Viral genetic material is contained within a capsid, which might be enveloped by host-derived membranes. Capsomeres build up the capsid structure, and glycoproteins assist in the virus's attachment to the host cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genetic materials of viruses are not found in the enzymes, the host organism's nucleus, or the outer edge of the cell. Instead, viruses consist of a nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA, but never both) surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. This capsid contains the viral genome and enzymes necessary for the synthesis of new virions. The capsid is made up of protein subunits termed capsomeres.
These capsomeres interlock to form the closely packed structure that protects the genetic material. Moreover, many viruses have an envelope derived from host cell membranes, incorporating phospholipids and proteins, but not all viruses have this feature.
Glycoproteins on the virus surface help it attach to the host cell, allowing it to inject its genetic material inside. Once inside, the viral genome hijacks the host's cellular machinery to replicate and produce more virus particles. Some viruses have DNA as their genetic material, while others use RNA, but a single virus particle, or virion, will contain only one type of nucleic acid.