Final answer:
The central idea in an essay is developed by establishing a claim supported by evidence, which may include quotes, paraphrasing, statistics, anecdotes, and expert opinions. The details and analysis provided contribute to a strong argument that reinforces the central thesis, with 'D. by providing claims and evidence' being the most accurate answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The central idea in an essay can be developed in various ways. When reading the provided passage and analyzing how its central idea is constructed, it’s clear that the process involves the establishment of a claim, supported by substantiated evidence.
This foundational approach is achieved through various methods, including presenting a point, followed by evidence in the form of quotes or paraphrasing from credible sources. In constructing the essay or passage, the writer develops a topic sentence that encapsulates the central idea at the beginning of the paragraph.
As the paragraph progresses, details, examples, quotations, paraphrases, and summaries are provided to bolster the point made in the topic sentence. Then, the writer synthesizes this information to show the interconnectedness of the evidence, which builds a robust argument supporting the central thesis.
Effective essays also incorporate elements such as rhetorical strategies, including the repetition of key points, the use of rhetorical questions to engage readers, and the strategic use of evidence that may include the citing of experts, anecdotes, statistics, and facts. The culmination of this methodical arrangement is an analysis that draws conclusions from the evidence and relates it back to the central idea, thus solidifying the argument and making a convincing case.
Considering the options provided in the question and reflecting on the information about essay construction, the most accurate answer appears to be 'D. by providing claims and evidence', as this is the method described throughout the references for effectively developing the central idea.