Final answer:
In genetics, the probability of an individual with genotype TUZz producing a gamete with the dominant genes TZ is 50%. This is calculated by considering the independent assortment of alleles and using the product rule to combine the probabilities of passing on the T allele (100%) and Z allele (50%).
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the inheritance patterns in genetics, specifically the probability of an individual with genotype TUZz producing a gamete with the dominant genes (TZ). Using Mendelian genetics principles, we can determine the probability of producing a dominant gamete. The T and U loci are independent of Z, so we consider only TU and Zz.
For the TU locus, if we assume complete dominance, T is dominant, and the individual has TU, it is guaranteed to pass on the T allele, thus the probability for the TU locus is 1. For the Zz locus, the probability of passing on the dominant Z allele is 1/2 (as there is a 50% chance to inherit either allele due to segregation during gamete formation).
To find the combined probability of producing a gamete with both dominant alleles (TZ), we apply the product rule, multiplying the individual probabilities together: 1 (for T) × 1/2 (for Z) = 1/2 or 50%. Therefore, the individual has a 50% chance of producing a gamete with the dominant genes TZ.