Final answer:
According to Karl Marx's conflict theory in social studies, the bourgeoisie owns the modes of production, in contrast to the proletariat who sell their labor. Marx predicted this division would ultimately lead to a social revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Karl Marx's conflict theory of social classes, the bourgeoisie is the group that owns the modes of production. The bourgeoisie class includes those who have capital and own the factories, land, and businesses that produce goods and services. Contrarily, the proletariat, also known as the working class, sells their labor to the bourgeoisie and does not own the means of production. Karl Marx believed that this dichotomy leads to a fundamental conflict between these two social classes, where the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat, resulting in social inequality and eventually, a revolution wherein the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie's control. The concept of the bourgeoisie owning the means of production is central to understanding the dynamics of capitalism. Marx's predictions revolved around the idea that the proletariat would rise against the owning class to establish a socialist society where the public, rather than private individuals or corporations, owns the means of production.