Final answer:
Archaeologists support the existence of a government in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro based on the presence of administrative structures, evidence of social hierarchy, and the possible existence of legal systems, leading to the conclusion that all the given reasons (A, B, and C) support the claim.
Step-by-step explanation:
Archaeologists hypothesize that Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro must have had some kind of government based on multiple pieces of evidence supporting this claim. There are several reasons given to support the hypothesis about the existence of a governing body or system in these ancient cities:
- Presence of administrative structures: The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had sophisticated urban planning, including well-laid-out street grids, which suggests a level of organization that likely required some form of administrative oversight.
- Hierarchical organization of society: Evidence of a class system with elite, religious specialists, merchants, artisans, and laborers indicates a social hierarchy that could have been managed or established by a governing entity.
- Existence of legal systems: The need for social control mechanisms, which would include law enforcement and bureaucracy, implies the presence of a legal system possibly overseen by a government.
Considering these points, the correct answer to the question is D) All of the above, as the hypothesis for a governing system in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro is supported by the presence of administrative structures, a hierarchical society, and the possible existence of legal systems.