Final answer:
Option B). The inference Seuss is making in The Butter Battle Book is a statement against the Cold War's necessity, and the historical context is the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that most accurately describes the inference the author is making in The Butter Battle Book and the historical context on which the inference is based is option B. The inference is that Seuss is making a statement, and the historical context is the Cold War. In the story, the two factions create elaborate weapons mirroring the arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Through the story, Seuss makes a serious statement against the Cold War's necessity.