Final answer:
Momentum (p) is defined as the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v). The correct mathematical formula expressing momentum is b) p=mv.
Step-by-step explanation:
Momentum (p) is defined as the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v). Mathematically, this relationship is expressed as p=mv. In this formula, 'p' represents momentum, 'm' denotes mass, and 'v' stands for velocity. To calculate momentum, simply multiply the mass of the object by its velocity.
Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The unit of momentum in the International System of Units (SI) is kilogram meters per second (kg·m/s). This unit is derived by multiplying the unit of mass (kilogram, kg) by the unit of velocity (meters per second, m/s).
The formula p=mv is fundamental in physics, playing a crucial role in understanding the motion of objects. It highlights the fact that the momentum of an object is directly proportional to both its mass and velocity. Consequently, an object with a greater mass or higher velocity will possess a greater momentum.
In summary, the correct mathematical expression for momentum is given by the formula p=mv, where 'p' is momentum, 'm' is mass, and 'v' is velocity. This formula is essential for calculating and comprehending the momentum of objects in motion.