Final answer:
American democracy and capitalism facilitated the rise of environmental reform through individualism and freedom, but also limited it due to the political influence of successful capitalists and a democracy reactive to voters rather than expert analysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristics of American political and economic systems, specifically democracy and capitalism, have played a significant role in the rise of environmental reform. The democratic system promotes individualism and the freedom of choice, which has allowed for the development of environmental movements as people exercise their right to advocate for policy changes. Meanwhile, capitalism's emphasis on individualism has ensured that those with the economic power and motivation can influence environmental policies. However, flaws in the democratic system, such as its reaction to voter preferences over economic analyses, and the influence of successful capitalists who may prioritize their business interests, have limited the effectiveness of environmental reforms. Furthermore, the political climate can marginalize important voices and concentrate power among the like-minded, leading to challenges in enacting comprehensive environmental policies.