Final answer:
Martin Luther and William Tyndale were instrumental in preparing new editions of the New Testament in languages accessible to the common people, influencing both the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. Their efforts were greatly aided by Gutenberg's printing press, which allowed for the wide distribution of these new translations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individuals who helped prepare the new Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament, influential during the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Reformation, include Martin Luther and William Tyndale. Luther's work in translating the Bible into German and Tyndale's translation into English were groundbreaking as they made scripture accessible to a wider audience and encouraged the laity's direct engagement with the Bible, challenging the Catholic Church's monopoly on religious interpretation.
Luther's translation and Tyndale's work were significantly enabled by the advent of the printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg. This technology allowed for the mass production of the Bible and other literature, which played a crucial role in disseminating reformatory ideas. The Catholic Church, in response to the Protestant Reformation, initiated the Counter-Reformation, which aimed to address internal issues and reaffirm Catholic doctrine.