Final answer:
A water molecule consists of one oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom acquires a partial negative charge (δ-) while the hydrogen atoms acquire partial positive charges (δ+). The molecule has a bent structure with a H-O-H bond angle of about 105°.
Step-by-step explanation:
A water molecule, which has the chemical formula H2O, consists of one oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
The oxygen atom attracts the shared electrons of the covalent bonds to a significantly greater extent than the hydrogen atoms, resulting in the oxygen atom acquiring a partial negative charge (δ-) and the hydrogen atoms each acquiring a partial positive charge (δ+).
The molecule has a bent structure due to the two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom, resulting in a H-O-H bond angle of about 105°.