Final answer:
Chinese products and technologies were highly valued in world trade due to their robust economy, unique commodities like silk and porcelains, and advanced technologies such as the printing press. Their large domestic economy, coupled with Europe's demand for their luxury goods, gave China a favorable trade balance during the Middle Ages.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Middle Ages, Chinese products and technologies were highly valued in world trade for several reasons. China's robust economy, control over valuable commodities such as spices, tea, and silk, and their superior manufacturing capabilities made Chinese goods sought after. Particularly, goods like porcelains, silk, and cotton were commodities that Europe hungered for. Moreover, the innovations such as the moveable type printing press, which was invented in the 9th century in Asia, showcased China's technological advancement, further driving the demand for their products.
Chinese mastery in art and manufacturing standards was incorporated into everything they did, which meant that their goods were not only useful but also culturally significant. The development of massive trade capabilities involving manufacturing and extensive land-based transportation networks under dynasties like the Qing expanded Chinese influence. Furthermore, China's shift to a silver-based economy in the late 1500s necessitated the import of the metal, stimulating an exchange whereby Europeans could obtain Chinese goods in return for silver. Thus, despite the Chinese initially lacking a focus on maritime power, their established trade prowess and high-value commodities ensured their dominance in world trade.
The balance of trade power during this era was almost always in favor of East Asia, reflecting the desire for Chinese goods in the West. The Chinese ability to grow and feed their expanding population with new foods from Mesoamerica, such as sweet potatoes and peanuts, also contributed to the sustainability and expansion of trade. Eventually, European maritime advancements and competitive trading routes did bring more balance to global trade, but the lasting impact of Chinese goods and technologies remained evident.