Final answer:
During normal patterns, tradewinds carry warm water from the eastern to western part of the Pacific Ocean, upwelling occurs off the coast of South America, and higher pressure sits off the coast. During an El Nino pattern, warm water sits off the coast of South America, tradewinds weaken or reverse, and Indonesia experiences drought conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
During normal patterns:
- Tradewinds carry warm water from the eastern to western part of the Pacific Ocean (toward Australia).
- Upwelling occurs off the coast of South America.
- Higher pressure sits off the coast of South America.
During an El Nino pattern:
- Warm water sits off the coast of South America.
- Tradewinds weaken or reverse.
- Indonesia experiences drought conditions.