Final answer:
Sudanese are pushed to migrate due to factors such as political unrest, war, poverty, famine, and discrimination. Conversely, pull factors like economic opportunities and the creation of the Republic of South Sudan draw people toward more stable regions. Understanding these migration dynamics is crucial for grasping Sudan's human geography and demography.
Step-by-step explanation:
Push and Pull Factors for Sudan
Various push factors have significantly influenced human migration in Sudan. Political unrest and civil wars, especially in regions like Darfur, have created insecurity and instability, driving many away. Poverty and famine, exacerbated by land shortages and natural disasters, have pushed individuals to seek better living conditions elsewhere. Moreover, high crime rates, lack of resources, and discrimination based on ethnicity and religion have further compelled individuals to leave.
Conversely, pull factors that attract people to new locations often include the promise of economic opportunity, safety, and a better quality of life. In the context of Sudan, the creation of the Republic of South Sudan in 2011 after a referendum offered new hope for many, drawing populations towards this newly formed nation with the prospect of more stable governance and access to resources, such as oil. The pull towards industrialized countries or more economically stable regions is also influenced by the chance of employment and an escape from the strife that characterizes their homeland.