Final answer:
The trend where music was created based on far-off foreign lands is known as the Exoticism movement, a part of the Romantic period. Orientalism is a related concept associated with the appropriation of Eastern cultures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The trend where musicians created music based on far-off foreign lands is known as the Exoticism movement. This movement, part of the broader Romantic period in art and literature, reflects a fascination with cultures and customs that were seen as mysterious and alluring by Western creators. Composers and artists would often use elements they considered exotic to create a sense of the foreign, which often led to stereotyping and misrepresentation. The fascination with the "Orient," or Eastern cultures, in particular, was part of a more specific trend called Orientalism. Ethnomusicology has since emerged to study music within its cultural context, aiming to understand and appreciate music on its own terms rather than through the lens of other cultures.