Final answer:
Carbon is exchanged between heterotrophs and autotrophs through the process of photosynthesis and respiration. During photosynthesis, autotrophs use carbon dioxide to build high-energy compounds. During respiration, organisms release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. This cycle ensures a constant supply of carbon for living organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carbon is exchanged between heterotrophs and autotrophs by way of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Autotrophs, such as plants, use carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis to build high-energy compounds, like glucose. During respiration, organisms break down these organic molecules, releasing carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere as a byproduct. This exchange of carbon allows it to cycle between producers and consumers within an ecosystem, ensuring a constant supply of this essential element.