Final answer:
The 1908 Muller v. Oregon case resulted in the Supreme Court upholding Oregon's labor law restrictions on women's working hours, which had far-reaching implications for labor laws and gender equality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outcome of the 1908 case of Muller v. Oregon was a landmark decision by the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health. The Court's decision in Muller v. Oregon was groundbreaking because it established the constitutionality of laws that provided special protections to women in the workplace, which previously might have been seen as discriminatory under the Fourteenth Amendment.
The case was a significant departure from previous labor rulings, where the Court often sided with businesses over labor regulations. The acceptance of social science data, known as the 'Brandeis Brief,' into the Court's consideration was also a novel approach that influenced future cases. However, this paternalistic view of women’s roles and abilities also reinforced gender stereotypes and, paradoxically, had mixed results for the women’s rights movement in the long term.