Question

Ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄) is an important ingredient in many fertilizers. It can be made by reacting phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) with ammonia (NH₃). What mass of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of 3.35 gr of phosphoric acid? Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

Answer 1

The mass of ammonium phosphate produced from 3.35 g of phosphoric acid is 5.10 g, calculated by converting the mass of the acid into moles and using the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical reaction.

Step-by-step explanation:

The calculation of the mass of ammonium phosphate produced by the reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonia involves using the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. First, we need to determine the moles of H3PO4 because the reaction stoichiometry will tell us the moles of (NH4)3PO4 produced per mole of H3PO4. Using the molecular mass of H3PO4, which is approximately 98 g/mol, we find the moles of phosphoric acid:

moles H3PO4 = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol) = 3.35 g / 98 g/mol = 0.0342 mol

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

3 NH3 (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) → (NH4)3PO4 (s)

According to the reaction, 1 mole of H3PO4 produces 1 mole of (NH4)3PO4. Therefore, 0.0342 moles of phosphoric acid will produce 0.0342 moles of ammonium phosphate. By multiplying the moles of (NH4)3PO4 by its formula mass, 149.0 amu (or g/mol), we can find the mass of ammonium phosphate produced:

mass of (NH4)3PO4 = moles × molar mass = 0.0342 mol × 149.0 g/mol = 5.096 g

Therefore, the mass of ammonium phosphate produced is 5.10 g (rounded to three significant digits).