Final answer:
To solve this problem, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and stoichiometry to find the grams of FeCl₃ produced. First, we find the moles of HCl from the given mass, then use stoichiometry to find the moles of FeCl₃. Finally, we convert the moles of FeCl₃ to grams using its molar mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the grams of FeCl₃ produced, we can use the balanced chemical equation and stoichiometry. From the balanced equation:
Fe₂O₃(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2FeCl₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l)
We can see that 1 mole of Fe₂O₃ reacts with 6 moles of HCl to produce 2 moles of FeCl₃. Therefore, we need to determine the moles of HCl and convert it to grams using its molar mass, and then use stoichiometry to calculate the grams of FeCl₃ produced.
First, let's find the moles of HCl:
Moles of HCl = Mass of HCl (g) / Molar mass of HCl (g/mol)
Given that the mass of HCl is 184.04 g and the molar mass of HCl is 36.46 g/mol, we have:
Moles of HCl = 184.04 g / 36.46 g/mol = 5.0435 mol HCl
According to the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, 6 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of Fe₂O₃ to produce 2 moles of FeCl₃. Therefore, we can set up a proportion to find the moles of FeCl₃:
(5.0435 mol HCl) / (6 mol HCl) = (x mol FeCl₃) / (2 mol FeCl₃)
Solving for x, we find that x = 1.6812 mol FeCl₃. Finally, we can convert the moles of FeCl₃ to grams using its molar mass:
Grams of FeCl₃ = Moles of FeCl₃ * Molar mass of FeCl₃
Given that the molar mass of FeCl₃ is 162.21 g/mol, we have:
Grams of FeCl₃ = 1.6812 mol * 162.21 g/mol = 272.6 g