Final answer:
The abuses listed in the Declaration of Independence by King George III are known as grievances, which justified the American colonies' pursuit of independence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abuses by King George III listed in the Declaration of Independence are known as grievances. These grievances highlight the myriad ways in which the British Crown overstepped its bounds and infringed upon the rights and liberties of the American colonists. Among those listed were imposing taxes without consent, restricting trade, denying trial by jury, impeding self-government, and maintaining a standing army in times of peace.
The document, largely drafted by Thomas Jefferson, used these grievances to justify the colonies' decision to seek independence and establish a new government founded on the principle of the consent of the governed.