Answer:
See answer below
Step-by-step explanation:
Andy asked Red to help him smuggle in a large poster of Rita Hayworth which Andy used to cover up the hole he was digging pending his escape from prison. The poster was always a reminder to Andy of his wish to break out of the prison.
Samuel Norton discovers the the hole when Andy's cell was found empty one morning. Norton ripped out the poster and sees the hole in the wall.
According to Red, geology is the study of time and pressure.
It applies to Andy's escape in the sense that Andy only needed time (of which he spent almost 20years carving through the wall) and some pressure which he applied with the rock hammer to make his escape.