Final answer:
The correct formula for torque when a force is perpendicular to the fulcrum and the line of action of force is T = rF, as the sine of the angle (90 degrees) is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a force is perpendicular to the distance from the fulcrum and the line of action of force, the formula to calculate the torque is T = rF sin(θ). Here, r represents the distance from the pivot point to the point where the force is applied, F is the magnitude of the force, and θ is the angle between the force and the distance from the pivot point to the point of application of the force, which in this case is 90 degrees (since the force is perpendicular). Therefore, since sine of 90 degrees is 1, the torque is simply T = rF.
Based on the options provided:
- a) F = d × sin(θ) B) False
- b) F = d × cos(θ) B) False
- c) F = d × tan(θ) B) False
- d) F = d × sec(θ) B) False
The correct formula when the force is perpendicular to the lever arm is T = rF, because sin(90°) = 1.