Final answer:
The calculation of density requires values of mass and volume, which are missing so the specific answer cannot be determined. The density of 19 g/cm³ suggests that the material could reasonably be gold. For the 'Check Your Learning' example, the density of the liquid is approximately 1.03 g/cm³.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the density of the metal, you would need specific values of mass and volume, which are not provided in the details. Density is calculated as mass divided by volume (Density = Mass/Volume). Since we don't have the exact figures, we cannot perform the calculation or choose an answer from the options given (A, B, C, or D).
If we look at the provided answer regarding gold, the density is given as 19 g/cm³. As for the identity of the material, with a density of 19 g/cm³ and a gold-like appearance, it is reasonable to conjecture that the material could be gold. This is supported by the density information from a referenced table.
In the 'Check Your Learning' section, the density of a liquid with a mass of 31.1415 g and a volume of 30.13 cm³ is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume. This results in roughly 1.03 g/cm³ (31.1415 g / 30.13 cm³).