Final answer:
Hinduism is characterized by its rich diversity of beliefs, lack of a single dogma, and various practices surrounding concepts like Dharma (duty), Samsara (rebirth), Karma (action and consequence), and Moksha (liberation). It is based on texts like the Vedas, the Bhagavad Gitā, and veneration of deities like Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma. Hinduism's core teachings influence its followers' way of life and ultimate spiritual goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics and Core Teachings of Hinduism
Hinduism is recognized as one of the oldest and most complex religions in the world. It's characterized by a variety of beliefs and practices, where there is no single dogma or religious authority. The core teachings often include concepts such as Dharma, Samsara, Karma, and Moksha. Dharma refers to the righteousness and duty in one's life, while Samsara signifies the cycle of rebirth or reincarnation. Karma is the law of cause and effect that governs actions and their outcomes in this life or the next. Moksha is the ultimate goal, which is liberation from the cycle of rebirth and unification with the divine.
In terms of scripture, Hinduism is founded upon sacred texts like the Vedas and the Upanishads, which cover theology, philosophy, and guidance for practicing dharma. The epic narratives like the Mahābhārata and the Rāmāyana, and especially the Bhagavad Gitā, provide profound insights into life and spirituality. Within Hinduism, there are multiple deities, often viewed as different aspects of a Supreme Being, with Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma being the three central figures forming the trinity responsible for the cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction of the universe.
Hinduism also shares some concepts with Buddhism, such as Dharma, Karma, and reincarnation. However, Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama or the Buddha, diverges with its central teachings of the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which aim to enlighten and free individuals from suffering and the cycle of rebirth.