Final answer:
An arrest is when a person is detained by legal authority on suspicion of a crime, and Miranda rights must be read to inform them of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney, which protect their Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
An arrest is the act of detaining a person by legal authority, typically in response to them being suspected of committing a crime. Law enforcement is required to advise an individual of their Miranda rights during this time. The landmark case Miranda v. Arizona established the precedent that law enforcement must inform a suspect of their constitutional rights to remain silent, to consult with a lawyer, and to have one appointed to them if they are indigent. This ensures that the suspect's Fifth Amendment right not to self-incriminate is protected.
These rights must be communicated to the suspect prior to any interrogation; failure to do so makes any statements made by the suspect inadmissible in court. The reading of Miranda rights, therefore, is critical in maintaining the due process of law and protecting the individual's rights against coercive interrogation techniques.