Final answer:
Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in dogs presents as nausea, lack of appetite, bloating, burping, and restlessness, and it can escalate to stomach perforation, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate veterinary care.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition known as gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a serious and life-threatening emergency that typically affects dogs. It is characterized by the stomach filling with gas and then twisting on itself, preventing gas from escaping. The signs of GDV in dogs include nausea, lack of appetite, and bloating, which may be visible as an enlarged abdomen. Affected dogs may also exhibit burping or attempt to vomit without producing anything (dry heaving). Another indication of GDV is restlessness and discomfort, as the dog may seem anxious and unable to find a comfortable position. Some dogs may experience rapid breathing, pale gums, and collapsed, which are signs of shock. As GDV progresses, the dog may enter into a state of shock due to the lack of blood flow and could potentially present dark stools if bleeding ulcers are present.
Without prompt medical intervention, GDV can lead to more severe complications such as stomach perforation, which allows digestive enzymes and acid to leak into the body. This condition requires immediate veterinary attention, and surgery is often necessary to correct the volvulus. Recognizing the symptoms early can be lifesaving for dogs experiencing GDV.