Final answer:
Both Psychasthenia and Schizophrenia are associated with distorted thinking and impaired reality perception, reflecting a disruption in cognitive processes and the interpretation of reality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behavior or symptom commonly associated with both Psychasthenia and Schizophrenia is Distorted thinking and impaired reality perception. Psychasthenia is not a common term used today, but historically, it referred to a psychological disorder marked by anxiety, obsessive-compulsive traits, and perfectionism, which could involve distorted thinking. Schizophrenia is a well-known mental disorder that involves a range of problems with thinking (cognition), behavior, and emotions. Symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, trouble with thinking and concentration, and a lack of motivation. Whereas enhanced sociability and the ability to concentrate or focus are not typical features of schizophrenia, and excessive worry and preoccupation with doubts are more characteristic of anxiety disorders rather than schizophrenia.