Final answer:
A conjecture is not a statement that is always true; it is a hypothesis that has not been proven. Conjectures can be supported or refuted by evidence but cannot be conclusively proven true because of the potential for new evidence.
Step-by-step explanation:
A conjecture is a statement believed to be true based on observations, but one that has not been proven. In the context of philosophy and logic, a conjecture is not necessarily always true, as it is subject to verification or falsification through further empirical evidence or logical analysis. In contrast, a true statement, as defined by Aristotle, asserts that something is what it is, which would mean the statement corresponds accurately to reality. This correspondence theory of truth suggests that a statement's truth is determined by how it reflects the actual state of affairs.
Harman added a condition to the traditional justification-true-belief (JTB) account of knowledge, insisting that the belief a person holds must not be based on any false premises to be considered as knowledge. Meanwhile, the claim that truth is relative is countered by the assertion that propositions have only one truth value regardless of individual beliefs. Lastly, while intuition may provide us with beliefs that feel indubitably true, it is still subjected to the need for logical substantiation to be regarded as true in philosophical terms.
Therefore, to answer the student's question, a conjecture is a statement that is not always true—option B is the correct answer. Conjectures can be thought of as hypotheses in scientific inquiry -- they are propositions that have yet to be definitively proven as true or false, and gathering evidence can support or undermine them, but they cannot be conclusively proven true due to the possibility of new evidence coming to light.