Final answer:
The function C = f(p) that gives the cost of gasoline per gallon is C(p) = 5.15p, where p is the cost of gasoline per gallon in pesos.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the function C = f(p) that gives the cost of gasoline per gallon, we need to consider the given information. The car gets 60 km/gal, and the trip is 500 km. We can use the formula Cost = Distance/MPG, where MPG is the miles per gallon. To convert km/gal to miles per gallon, we use the conversion factor 1 km = 0.621371 miles. So, the function C = f(p) can be represented as C(p) = (500 km / (60 km/gal)) * (0.621371 miles/km) * (1 gal/p). This simplifies to C(p) = 5.15p, where p is the cost of gasoline per gallon in pesos.