Final answer:
In cases of one-sided weakness, sudden altered mental status, and signs of shock, the EMT-B should suspect a stroke, as these symptoms indicate a possible acute neurological event.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the older patient presenting with one-sided weakness, sudden onset altered mental status, and signs of shock, the EMT-Basic (EMT-B) should suspect a potential stroke.
A stroke occurs when there is a loss of oxygen to a particular part of the central nervous system (CNS), leading to neurological symptoms such as weakness on one side of the body, altered mental status, and sensory deficits. Such a presentation is suggestive of an acute neurological event, in which the central nervous system (CNS) is affected, leading to an oxygen deficit in the brain.
The quick administration of a neurological exam can help determine the location and extent of the injury. It often includes checking reflexes, sensory responses, motor control, and, if necessary, a mental status exam. The goal of these assessments is to identify the functions that may be lost due to the stroke and guide further medical treatment, such as the administration of aspirin to prevent blood clot formation or performing a CT scan.