Final answer:
Local anesthesia should not be used in patients with an allergy to the medication, an infection or malignancy at the site of the procedure, septicemia, or if they cannot cooperate due to mental state or age. Patient safety requires confirming identity, procedure details, and allergies prior to administering anesthetics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Local anesthesia is contraindicated in patients who:
- have an allergy to local medications,
- local infection/malignancy at the procedure site,
- septicemia, and
- inability to cooperate because of mental state/age.
Local anesthetics block nerve conduction when applied to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations, affecting sensory and motor function in a reversible manner. However, they should not be used in the presence of contraindications such as infection, septic conditions, or inability of the patient to consent or cooperate due to mental state or age. In cases of known allergy, alternative strategies or medications must be sought to prevent adverse reactions.
Before any procedure requiring anesthesia, it is crucial to confirm the patient's identity, surgical procedures, allergies, and the patient's ability to undergo the procedure safely. This helps prevent potential complications arising from the use of anesthetics, including those delivered via injection or inhalation.