Final answer:
In the principles of preoperative skin preparation, the steps include prepping from clean to dirty, using aseptic techniques, and preventing pooling. The option that is not a principle of preoperative skin prep is prepping stomas first, as they should be addressed separately at the end to avoid contamination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principles of preoperative skin preparation are critical to prevent postoperative infections by maintaining a sterile environment. These principles include the following: a) prep from clean to dirty, meaning you start with areas that are least contaminated and move to more contaminated areas to prevent the spread of microorganisms; b) use aseptic technique, which involves procedures that maintain sterility and prevent the operative site from becoming contaminated; and d) prevent pooling of solutions used in skin preparation because pooling can serve as a medium for bacterial growth. Option c) prep stomas first is not a principle of preoperative skin preparation, as stomas are considered contaminated in comparison to surgical incision sites. It's crucial to prep these areas separately and typically at the end of the preoperative skin prep process to avoid spreading contaminants.