Final answer:
Site marking must be done by a b) Licensed Independent Practitioner (LIP) involved in the procedure. It's part of safety protocols to ensure the correct surgical site and is verified through steps such as Sign in, Time out, and Sign out.
Step-by-step explanation:
Site marking is an important process in surgical procedures to ensure the correct site is operated on. According to safety protocols, site marking should be completed by a Licensed Independent Practitioner (LIP) who is directly involved in the procedure, or if this person is not available immediately before the surgery, by the person responsible for the patient's care. This can include surgeons or other licensed practitioners who will be present during the procedure and have the authority to perform the mark, such as a nurse or anesthesiologist. Site marking is part of broader safety protocols that include patient identification and surgical site verification during various steps such as Sign in, Time out, and Sign out, which also involve reviews of critical concerns and risks associated with the patient's specific situation.