Final answer:
The 1973 Supreme Court decision that established the Substantive Due Process Standard is not specified, but the concept relates to the interpretation of the Due Process Clauses in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. These clauses are foundational for civil rights and have been addressed in landmark Supreme Court cases such as Sherbert v. Verner and Lawrence v. Texas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 1973 Supreme Court decision that supplied the four-part test known as the Substantive Due Process Standard under the 8th and 14th amendments is not explicitly mentioned in the provided reference material. However, the Substantive Due Process Standard is a legal principle that stems from the interpretation of the Due Process Clauses of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, which emphasize the fair and impartial treatment by government officials and the protection of certain fundamental liberties that cannot be denied by the states.
The Fourteenth Amendment plays a crucial role in applying the Bill of Rights to the states and is central to civil rights and liberties. Landmark Supreme Court decisions often reference this amendment, setting precedents for how states must respect the rights of individuals. Cases such as Sherbert v. Verner and Lawrence v. Texas have been instrumental in defining the scope of the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment.