Final answer:
The second dose of IVIG in KD is indicated if there's persistent fever after the first IVIG infusion. Aspirin is used in high doses initially, transitioning to a lower, antiplatelet dose after fever resolution. Regular use of anti-inflammatory drugs may lead to an increased risk of infections due to immune response suppression.
Step-by-step explanation:
The indications for a second dose of IVIG in Kawasaki Disease (KD) include persistent or recrudescent fever at least 36 hours after the completion of the first IVIG infusion, which suggests ongoing inflammation. This second IVIG dose is usually administered since the patient might be IVIG resistant, which happens in approximately 10-20% of cases. Regarding Aspirin therapy in KD, the initial high dose is typically between 80 to 100 mg/kg/day divided into four doses, which is then transitioned to a lower, antiplatelet dose of 3-5 mg/kg/day once the fever has resolved and until the inflammation has subsided (usually for 6-8 weeks or until echocardiography is normal).
Addressing the undesirable consequences of taking anti-inflammatory drugs such as Aspirin or steroids on a regular basis might include the suppression of the body's natural inflammatory response to infection, potentially leading to an increased risk of infection or slower recovery from infections due to inhibited immune system signalling.
As a person ages, cellular changes occur including a decrease in the cellular turnover rate, accumulated DNA damage, and the reduced ability of cells to divide. These changes can contribute to the overall decline in physiological function and an increased risk for disease and compromised health in the elderly.