Final answer:
The inner lower arm contains the biceps, the upper chest contains the pectoral muscles, and the back beneath the scapulae contains the latissimus dorsi. These muscles are responsible for various movements of the arm and shoulder and are part of the appendicular skeleton, which includes bones and muscles that allow for manipulation and locomotion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body parts located in the inner lower arm, upper chest, and back beneath the scapulae are: the biceps, pectoral muscles, and latissimus dorsi. Specifically, the biceps are found in the inner lower arm and are responsible for flexing the elbow and supinating the forearm. The pectoral muscles, which include the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor, are found in the upper chest and are involved in movements of the shoulder and arm. The latissimus dorsi is a large, flat muscle on the back that extends, adducts, and internally rotates the arm and is attached beneath the scapulae, which is part of the pectoral girdle and anchors the upper limb to the body. The scapula is surrounded by muscles on its anterior and posterior sides and does not articulate with the ribs of the thoracic cage, which protects the heart and the lungs.
The thoracic cage, also known as the rib cage, plays a critical role in protecting the heart and lungs, which are located in the thoracic cavity. The ventral cavity is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, with the latter housing organs such as the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. However, these organs are not located in the regions specified in the question (inner lower arm, upper chest, and back beneath the scapulae).