Final answer:
In IFR flight, the term 'established on track' refers to when an aircraft is aligned with its intended navigation course. Different navigation aids have specific limits for when an aircraft is considered established on track. These limits ensure precise navigation using the respective aids.
Step-by-step explanation:
In IFR flight, the term "established on track" refers to the moment when an aircraft is lined up on the intended navigation course. The question specifies different limits for different types of navigation aids:
- VOR/TAC/LOC: This refers to navigation aids such as VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range), TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation), and LOC (Localizer) used for aircraft navigation based on radio signals. An aircraft is considered established on track when it is within the tolerance limits specified for these aids.
- NDB: This refers to Non-directional Beacon, which is another type of navigational aid. The aircraft is considered established on track when it is within the specified limits for NDB operations.
- LOC (NAS only): This refers to Localizer used in Non-Federalized Airports. Similar to other LOC operations, the aircraft is considered established on track when it meets the specified limits.
- RNAV or RNP segments: RNAV (Area Navigation) and RNP (Required Navigation Performance) are advanced navigation techniques that use satellite-based systems. The aircraft is considered established on track when it is within the specified limits for RNAV or RNP navigation segments.
These limits ensure that the aircraft is properly aligned with the intended course and can navigate accurately using the respective navigation aids.
Reference: AFMAN 11-202V3 168