Final answer:
The correct mass numbers (atomic masses) of oxygen and sulfur are 16 amu and 32 amu, respectively, making Option 1 (Oxygen - 16, Sulfur - 32) the accurate choice.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mass numbers, or atomic masses, of oxygen and sulfur are important when discussing the composition of chemical substances. According to data provided, the atomic mass of oxygen (O) is 16 amu (atomic mass units) and that of sulfur (S) is 32 amu. Therefore, the correct option among the choices given is Option 1: Oxygen - 16, Sulfur - 32. The mass number of an element, also known as the atomic mass, is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. For instance, an oxygen atom typically contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons resulting in an atomic mass of 16 amu, and a sulfur atom with 16 protons and 16 neutrons to give an atomic mass of 32 amu.