Final answer:
The statement suggesting a direct alignment between the Chinese maxim 'Sageliness within and Kingness without' and the Indian tradition on inner-outer karma is false, as Buddhism differs from the Hindu belief in the soul's reincarnation and karma, offering a new perspective on individual actions and social hierarchy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement regarding the concept of inner-outer karma alignment in the context of the Chinese maxim 'Sageliness within and Kingness without' echoing the Indian tradition is false. The Indian tradition, particularly the Hindu system, suggests that a person is born into a caste based on previous life duties and karma. However, Buddhist teachings, as introduced by Buddha, suggest there is no soul that carries karma into the next life, thus social hierarchy is not seen as cosmic justice for individuals, but rather individuals create karma that impacts new beings. This moves away from the fixed social roles appointed by divine order, allowing for more personal autonomy and challenging the conventional social structure.