Final answer:
To transform the given expression into a 22nd degree polynomial, a term like ax^22, where a is any real number, must be added.
Step-by-step explanation:
To make the polynomial expression 14x19 - 9x15 + 11x4 + 5x2 + 3 into a 22nd degree polynomial, we need to add a term with the highest exponent being 22. As the current highest exponent is 19, we should add a term like ax22, where a can be any real number.
The resulting expression would be ax22 + 14x19 - 9x15 + 11x4 + 5x2 + 3. Here, a could be 1, -1, or any coefficient depending on what is desired for the 22nd-degree term.