Final answer:
The compressor is responsible for converting low pressure vapor to high pressure vapor in an air conditioning system. It raises the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant gas before it moves to the condenser for heat release and phase change.
Step-by-step explanation:
The component of an air conditioning system that changes a low pressure vapor into a high pressure vapor is the compressor. The compressor plays a crucial role in the refrigeration cycle by increasing both the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant gas. This process prepares the gas for the heat transfer that occurs in the condenser, where it then releases heat and changes into a high-pressure liquid.
The evaporator operates at the opposite end of the cycle and is where the low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and turns into a low-pressure gas. However, it does not increase the pressure of the vapor; that's the specific function of the compressor. Therefore, options (1) the condenser, (2) the metering device, and (3) the evaporator are not correct as they serve different functions within the air conditioning system.