Final answer:
An aircraft in a microburst encounter at position 3 would be exposed to strong headwinds and crosswinds, reducing its ground speed and potentially altering its course.
Step-by-step explanation:
The aircraft in position 3 during a microburst encounter will experience significant alterations in its flight path due to the powerful atmospheric phenomenon. A microburst is an intense small-scale downdraft produced by a thunderstorm or rain shower. In this case, the aircraft would be subjected to a sudden burst of strong winds that can cause a rapid change in the wind's speed and direction.
Consequently, this can lead to a sudden increase in headwind and crosswind, which has a profound effect on the total velocity of the plane. The aircraft's actual ground speed would decrease substantially, and it may be pushed off its intended course. Understanding the impact of these wind changes on aircraft performance is critical for pilot training and aviation safety.