Final answer:
Direct supervision in healthcare means that procedures are performed with the instructing licensed professional, such as a dentist or registered nurse, physically present and overseeing the clinical functions. So, the correct answer is 3) Performance of dental procedures based on the instructions of a dentist, who must be physically present.
Step-by-step explanation:
Direct supervision in the context of healthcare, particularly in a dental setting, refers to scenario 3: 'Performance of dental procedures based on the instructions of a dentist, who must be physically present.'
This means that a dentist is not just instructing the healthcare provider, such as a dental hygienist or assistant, but is also present in the treatment facility as procedures are being performed.
The tasks performed under direct supervision may vary, but typically include clinical functions as designated by relevant professional boards, like the California Dental Board for dentistry.
In other areas of healthcare, such as dialysis treatment, direct supervision of a registered nurse has a similar focus.
The nurse is responsible for tasks including reviewing patient history, assessing patient needs, monitoring treatment, which may include taking and reporting a patient's vital signs, and preparing solutions and equipment to ensure accurate and sterile procedures.
Thus, the correct answer is 3) Performance of dental procedures based on the instructions of a dentist, who must be physically present.