Final answer:
The term for abnormal shortening of muscle tissue is a contracture. It restricts movement and flexibility, and can stem from various causes such as muscular or neurological disorders. The correct answer from the provided options is 3) Contracture.
Step-by-step explanation:
An abnormal shortening of muscle tissue is known as a contracture. This condition leads to the tightening and hardening of the muscles, tendons, or other tissue, which restricts movement and flexibility. Contractures can be caused by various factors, including lack of activity, muscular or neurological disorders, and can be associated with conditions like Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
When considering the options provided, arthritis involves joint inflammation, a fracture refers to a break in the bone, muscle spasms are sudden involuntary muscle contractions, and contracture is the term for the abnormal shortening of muscle tissue. Thus, the correct answer to the student's question is option 3) Contracture.
Musculoskeletal disorders like muscle strains and tendinitis can cause similar symptoms and discomfort. A muscle strain occurs when muscle fibers tear due to overstretching, and tendinitis represents inflammation of a tendon, usually because of overuse. First-aid treatments for these conditions include the PRICE method (protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation) and may include medications like NSAIDs.