Final answer:
Electric power for a residence is transmitted using copper cables rated for the required voltage and current, with heavy-duty applications using 5G2.5 Cu cables and lighter ones using 3G1.5 Cu cables. Transformers step down high-voltage AC from power lines to the 110 volts used in homes, with proper circuit protections in place for safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
To provide electric power into a residence, a type of electric distribution cable is used. This cable must handle the voltage and current requirements for a household electrical system. In the United States, homes are commonly powered by an alternating current (AC) supplied at a high voltage from power lines and then stepped down by transformers to a voltage level suitable for residential use, typically 110 volts.
Most household wiring uses copper as the conductive material due to its excellent electrical conductivity. During the installation, a single incoming wire at a high potential with respect to the ground is connected. Inside the residence, appliances and fixtures are connected via parallel circuits to ensure independent operation and uniform voltage distribution. For heavy-duty applications like a water heating system, a 5G2.5 Cu cable might be used, while for lighter applications such as basement lighting or internet devices, a 3G1.5 Cu cable would be appropriate.
It is essential to choose cables with the proper ratings for current (Amps) and voltage safety precautions, like circuit protection rated to 100 or 200 Amps, to prevent electrical hazards. This infrastructure ensures that residents can safely and reliably utilize their electric power for various needs, from heating to powering electronics.