Final answer:
Restitution can be a penalty for both first-time and subsequent violations. It is intended to compensate the victim and restore them to their original position, and is determined by law and court discretion. Option 3 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Restitution for any affected persons can be a penalty for both first-time violations and second or subsequent violations. Restitution is a form of legal remedy that requires an individual who has committed a wrong to financially compensate the victim.
The goal is to restore the victim to the position they were in before the wrongdoing occurred. Whether restitution is appropriate for a first-time violation or only for subsequent violations depends on the specific laws governing the offense and the discretion of the court.
For example, a business that has committed a first-time violation of consumer protection laws may be required to pay restitution to consumers who were harmed by the illegal conduct.
Similarly, a person found guilty of theft may be ordered to pay restitution to the owner of the stolen property, regardless of whether it is their first offense or a repeated one. Ultimately, the imposition of restitution is guided by principles of equity and the details of the offense.