Question

What mechanisms do scientists use to explain how mutations can produce new information to make organisms more complex, when all observed mutations cause a loss of information or no change at all?

Answer 1

Mutations can produce new information and make organisms more complex. Beneficial mutations are the driving force of evolution. Genetic diversity is introduced through mutation, contributing to the complexity of organisms.

Step-by-step explanation:

Mutation is the mechanism by which new genetic characteristics come into existence, leading to more complexity in organisms. While most observed mutations either cause a loss of information or have no effect, some mutations can produce new information. Beneficial mutations, which increase an organism's fitness, are the driving force of evolution. They can arise through changes in DNA sequences or gene duplication events, allowing for the evolution of new functions for proteins. Through mutation, genetic diversity is introduced into populations, contributing to the variability and complexity of organisms.