Question

how have volcanic eruptions affected climate? choose one or more: a. volcanic eruptions produce a large low-pressure system above the ash umbrella, which influences weather over the surrounding area. b. volcanic eruptions melt glaciers, resulting in sea level rise. c. volcanic eruptions affect climate by heating up the atmosphere. d. volcanic eruptions cause ash and sulfur dioxide to linger in the stratosphere, blocking sunlight and cooling earth.

Answer 1

Volcanic eruptions affect climate by heating up the atmosphere. It cause ash and sulfur dioxide to linger in the stratosphere, blocking sunlight and cooling Earth, So the correct options are c and d.

Step-by-step explanation:

c. Volcanic eruptions release large amounts of heat into the atmosphere due to the expulsion of magma, lava, and gases.

This heat can influence local weather patterns and, to some extent, have broader effects on climate.

d. When volcanic eruptions inject ash and sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, these particles can remain suspended for an extended period.

The sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapor to form sulfate aerosols, which can reflect sunlight back into space.

This process, known as volcanic winter, can lead to a temporary cooling effect on Earth's surface.

It's important to note that while volcanic eruptions can cause short-term cooling, the long-term climate effects depend on various factors and interactions within the Earth's climate system.

So, the correct option is c and d.