Final answer:
High-pitched cry is associated with meningitis. Therefore, the correct option is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
A high-pitched cry in a 4-month-old infant can be indicative of meningitis. Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The high-pitched cry is a result of irritation to the central nervous system, and it is considered a classic sign of meningitis in infants. Other associated symptoms may include fever, irritability, poor feeding, vomiting, and a bulging fontanel.
Prompt medical attention is crucial when meningitis is suspected, as it can be a life-threatening condition. Diagnostic tests such as lumbar puncture and blood cultures are typically performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of treatment, which often involves antibiotics and supportive care.
Meningitis requires urgent intervention to prevent complications and long-term sequelae, underscoring the importance of recognizing key clinical manifestations, including the high-pitched cry, in the care of infants presenting with these symptoms.
Therefore, the correct option is 4.