Question

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a newborn who has NEC. Which of the following findings is a risk for NEC? 1) nacrosomia 2) transient tachypnea of the newborn 3) maternal gestational hypertension 4) gestational age of 36 weeks

Answer 1

The finding that is a risk for NEC (Necrotizing Enterocolitis) is maternal gestational hypertension Option 3 is correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease that primarily affects premature infants. Maternal gestational hypertension, also known as high blood pressure during pregnancy, is a significant risk factor for the development of NEC in newborns. The relationship between maternal hypertension and NEC can be attributed to the compromised blood flow to the intestines of the developing fetus. This reduced blood supply can lead to ischemia, a condition where the tissues do not receive an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients, predisposing the infant to NEC.

Premature infants, especially those born before 32 weeks of gestation, are already at an increased risk for NEC due to their underdeveloped gastrointestinal systems. When maternal gestational hypertension is added to the equation, it exacerbates the vulnerability of the infant's intestines. The combination of prematurity and maternal hypertension creates an environment where the fragile intestinal tissues are more susceptible to inflammation and necrosis.

Understanding the link between maternal gestational hypertension and NEC underscores the importance of monitoring high-risk pregnancies and providing appropriate medical interventions to mitigate potential complications. Healthcare professionals, particularly neonatal nurses, play a crucial role in recognizing these risk factors early on, allowing for timely interventions and improved outcomes for newborns at risk of developing NEC. Option 3 is correct answer

Answer 2

A gestational age of 36 weeks, which suggests prematurity, is a known risk factor for NEC as premature infants have organs that are not fully developed and are more susceptible to conditions like NEC 9(option 4).

Step-by-step explanation:

The student is querying about risk factors for Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns. NEC is a serious gastrointestinal problem that affects mostly premature infants. Given the options, the risk factor for NEC would be gestational age of 36 weeks, which is option 4. This is because premature infants, usually those born before 37 weeks of gestation, have an increased risk of developing NEC. Their organs, including the digestive system, are not fully developed, which can make it harder to withstand the stress of feeding and bacterial colonization that occurs after birth.

The other options, such as nacrosomia, transient tachypnea of the newborn, and maternal gestational hypertension, are not as clearly linked with NEC as prematurity is.

Hence, the answer is option 4.